The landscape design of the 8 hectare site is usually trusted by professionals, as owners face a difficult task: placing a large number of buildings on a vast territory and creating a single stylistic picture. In addition to their own desires, it is also necessary to rely on the requirements that the state puts forward to private sector owners. The basic minimum of buildings usually includes:

       

Normative base

So, the owner of the site has an impressive area, which is a clean sheet. On it it is necessary to place all necessary constructions and decorative objects. When planning them, it is necessary to rely not only on the basics of landscape design, which will provide a beautiful view of the territory, but also on the legislation. Building, guided exclusively by its aesthetic taste, unfortunately, will not work. Otherwise, the owner is threatened with large fines and even demands for demolition. The regulatory framework includes a set of documents regulating the construction of economic and residential buildings. The owner of the site should familiarize himself with three basic rules and norms:

• Building and lay-out;
• Basics of fire safety;
• Code of sanitary standards.

If you decide to take all the hardships of planning for yourself and do not use ready-made plans or qualified help from a designer, you still have to hire a consultant. Exceptionally, in order for him to evaluate the project and pointed out errors in their presence. Pay the work of a professional at this stage will be several times cheaper than rebuilding everything afterwards.

Fire safety

Fire standards are expressed in the regulations of the minimum permissible distance between buildings of different materials. When designing, be guided by the following figures:

• Buildings of wood (baths, sheds) are arranged in such a way that a distance of at least 15 m is maintained between them;
• Houses made of stone, concrete and brick, which belong to non-combustible materials, are built from analogues at a distance of 6 m. The minimum distance between them and the structures supplemented with overlaps of wood will be 2 m more. The distance to the frame-type buildings made of wood is increased by another 2 m;
• Buildings of incombustible materials with wooden ceilings are installed from similar houses at a distance of 8 m. For timber structures, the distance is increased by 2 m.

In addition to these standards, additional rules should be taken into account:

• From the suburban area and the border with neighbors observe a distance of at least 3 m;
• For buildings for economic needs, the distance is reduced by 2 m;
• From the construction of any type to the "red" street line should be at least 5 m.

To protect oneself from violations it is necessary to outline the conditional internal contour on the plan, within which it is permissible to place structures.

       

Sanitary norms

In addition to fire regulations, it is also necessary to comply with sanitary standards. They are compared not only to avoid fines, but also for their own safety. Infectious diseases often arise from human negligence. If the pipeline is not planned, you need to worry about digging a well or drilling a well. The former will be "fed" from groundwater, which lie beneath the surface of the soil, and the latter draw resources from deeper layers. The purity of water will help ensure compliance with simple standards. Cesspools or compost pits, facilities for keeping poultry and livestock should be located at a distance of at least 12 m from the well or well.

See also: Landscape design of the site in front of the house

In addition, the dwelling house must be at a certain distance from the buildings of different types:

• Summer toilets on the street - not less than 13 m;
• "Food" garbage, dumps and piles of compost - from 9 m;
• Summer shower or bath-house - not less than 5 m;
• Other buildings that are designed for household needs - from 13 m and more.

There are also rules concerning the planting of trees and plants:

• Flower beds and shrubs growing less than 0.5 m planted at a distance of at least 1 m from the fence;
• High trees - from 4 m and further. In order to eventually, their crown did not close the street or household plots of neighbors;
• Trees of medium height - from 2-3 m;

The garden and the garden are recommended to adapt to the features of the landscape in such a way as to emphasize its strengths and hide flaws.

Layout taking into account the configuration of the plot

When planning are guided by two main aspects:

• Landscape of the land plot;
• Features of its shape.

First, pay attention to the specifics of the landscape. Seldom does anyone manage to acquire a perfectly flat piece of land. But any uplands and lowlands can be beaten and emphasized so that they become merits. For this reason, do not rush to level the surface, because an ideally smooth area is a boring lot of perfectionists. Decorate the area with terraces, and in the future it will not only have a presentable appearance, but will also yield an excellent harvest. The fact is that with such a device, the soil will not be washed out, and the water will linger, which will benefit the garden and horticulture in arid periods and in rainy seasons. With the shape of the site, alas, nothing can be done about it, so it will have to be adjusted to it. There are about a dozen of its types, but three main ones:

• Square. The most optimal form, which will organically accommodate all buildings;
• Rectangular. A narrow, elongated section involves placing all the buildings "in a row". Although modern design solutions and alleviate the inconvenience, such a possession, as they say, on an amateur;
• Triangular (angular). Usually such sections intersect only with two neighboring ones and have access to the street and the roadway. It is not recommended to plant fruit trees near it or to break the garden, since road dust will settle not only on the leaves, but also on the fruits.

       

The location of site facilities or zoning

All structures should be grouped by type. The following functional areas are distinguished:

• Residential area, which is the conditional center of the entire site;
• Household homestead structures. Sheds, summer kitchens, baths, showers, garages, cellars, wells and buildings for storage of inventory;
• A zone for gardening and gardening (greenhouses, beds, flower beds, greenhouses, front gardens);
• Rest area. Here you can include swimming pools, ponds, arbours, barbecue and barbecue.

It is not necessary to separate each sector, they may overlap. For example, the recreation area is combined with a garden, which will allow it to be under the canopy of trees in the summer. Differentiate zones in several ways:

• Conditionally using decorative paths;
• Low fences;
• A "living" hedge. Low-rise bushes will add to the site a feeling of coziness;
• Combined method. It combines different types of zoning.

Professionals advise to place farm buildings at the far end of the plot behind the house so that they are not conspicuous. Under the dream of any summer resident - the garden give the most sunny lawn. The garage usually has direct access to the street, so it is installed on one side of the house near the gate. In some cases, the fence "leaves" deep into the site, and the space under the cars is allocated outside the fence. Do not forget to leave space for a "house" site, which is usually paved or bridged with a stone. To give an aesthetic appearance, this area is decorated with flowers.

See also: Landscape design of the site on the slope +50 photo

       

Choose a place for your house

On sections of a square-shaped house, traditionally they are built in the center. Subsequently, they are surrounded by other buildings. On the rectangular or trapezoidal possessions, under the residential structure, an area is identified on the shortest side. In the corner areas when choosing the location for the construction are guided by the distance from the street, its noise and turmoil. On the southern slopes, preference is given to the highest point. In this case, the shape of the site goes to the background. Owners of possessions on the northern slopes were less fortunate, but usually they choose a place in the middle. Also, when designing a house, its placement relative to the sides of the world and the wind rose are taken into account.

       

Bathroom

Baths are classified into several popular species. On which of them will fall the choice of owners, the issue is purely personal preferences. There are the following types:

• Russian. The modern bathhouse is not very similar to its "ancestors", but the principle of soaring has remained the same: with the help of moist air. Such a premise is better to be heated by firewood, accordingly it will be necessary to allocate a separate place for their storage or a high-grade shed. Russian bath, as a rule, is made out with a unique national color: it is finished with hewn logs and the shape more like a fairy-tale hut. It provides two main premises: a dressing room and a steam room.
• Roman. Its design assumes the presence of three rooms: laconium (with high temperature), tepidarium (here it can be slightly cooled down) and a place with a mini-pool, where they come to cool completely. Modern Roman baths have a stylish look and are more like a luxury apartment.
• Finnish. These baths are popular in Europe. The soaring in them is due to the dry steam, so the brooms on the sides here are not being groomed. Usually Finnish baths are located near the ponds. It can be as a pool or pond on the site, and a separate outlet to the river or lake outside the possessions.
• Hamam or Turkish bath. Traditionally consists of a shower room, a steam room and a changing room. Steam in the hamam is hot and dry, you can spend it all day without harm to your health.
• Japanese. For lovers of exotics, this type of bath is suitable, which is a large wooden bath with hot water, designed for several people.

At the dacha preference is given to Finnish and Russian steam rooms. There are also mobile structures that are designed for two or three people. They are also called bani-barrels: compact structures, which, if necessary, are transferred to another area of ​​the site.

Еще в Древней Руси эти сооружения размещались как можно дальше от дома. Делалось это из-за суеверий: якобы место, где люди смывают с себя всю грязь не должно находиться рядом с жилым помещением. Сейчас это правило соблюдают из-за элементарных правил пожарной безопасности. Bathroom, как правило, выполняется из древесины, а огонь в ней разводят при каждом посещении.

       

Place for communication

After drawing on the plan of buildings, it is necessary to think over the arrangement of communication lines. In the country they include:

• Piping;
• Electricity;
• Sewerage.

Optimal option is the location of communication pipes and cables under the garden paths. Pre-isolate them properly. Consider that water supply and electricity will have to be carried out not only to the residential building, but also to the rest of the buildings, so the network itself is likely to have a branched structure. Have her "sleeves" on the site project in the form of straight lines to narrow the front of the work.

Garage

For the car built a full garage or parking space under the awning. By location, they are classified into several types:

• Garage, который встроен в жилой дом. Этот способ расположения экономит пространство, но потребует хорошей шумоизоляции, чтобы отзвуки работающего мотора не беспокоили домашних. Из достоинств отмечают общие коммуникации с домом, что исключит дополнительные траты на их проведение. Такое помещение имеет два входа: со стороны улицы и из дома.
• Extension. It is usually created after the fact and has a common wall with the house.
• Separate building. The option is relevant if the house is in a remote corner far from the gate.

Read also: Design of a section of a country house on 10 ares - examples of zoning

The location of the garage is determined not only by the features of the site, but also by the number of cars. If there are several cars in the family, it is more economical to equip a separate parking lot.

       

Rest zone

Rest zone включается в себя:

• The arbor. It is usually adjoined by a platform for cooking shish kebabs or barbecue;
• Natural or artificial pond, swimming pool;
• A zone for games, which is usually designed for children.

As a rule, a "dull" place on the site, which is as far removed as possible from the street and the roadway, is chosen for the recreation area. If the property is not fenced with a solid fence, passers-by can interfere with intrusive glances, and the noise of cars will not allow you to relax. A garden or a vegetable garden usually adjoins the recreation area. Optimal place for accommodation: in the far corner, which is fenced off from neighbors.

       

Garden

Garden and vegetable farms are located, focusing on the following features:

• Soil quality. Naturally, for the good harvest, choose the most fertile site. If the soil is everywhere poor and unsuitable for growing vegetables and fruits, then it will be necessary to attend to the importation of land;
• Shine. Plants and greenhouses like direct sunlight, so they can not be placed in the shade of trees or buildings;
• Landscape. The water level and slope are taken into account. On the hills will have to carry out regular watering. In the lowlands, the garden or garden will stand in "water" during the transitional seasons. If the slope is blown by the winds, then the plants on it will grow stunted and sluggish. The output will be the arrangement of a garden under a high fence.

       

The "transition" strip between the garden and the garden is filled with shrubs. They are loyal to the shadow of the trees. In conditions of space deficiency, it is considered optimal to plant trees along the perimeter of the site along the fence, then a number of bushes and a section of beds. All the plot is decorated with flower beds. Particular attention is paid to the "roadside" of the garden paths and the area near the house.

       

Popular elements for landscape decoration

The decor of country sites is divided into:

• Natural;
• Artificial.

The second include:

• Fences, benches, paths and bridges;
• Night lights, backlight;
• Waterfalls, pergolas, pyramids and stands for weaving plants;
• Arches, sculptures, ceramic animals and gnomes.

       

Some of these elements are created by oneself, and others need to go to specialized outlets. Decoration of a site is a creative process, for it it is necessary to activate artistic taste and imagination. Garden paths are made of wood spills, pavers or concrete, which, before drying, is treated with a stencil imitating a stone masonry. Fences are designed and assembled independently of wood, plastic or stone. To natural elements include special designs from living plants:

• Labyrinths. A well-known sample is located in Versailles.
• "Tapeworms." This is the name of isolated shrubs that accentuate themselves.
• The wings. Otherwise, they are also called hedges, which create a cozy corner, hidden from extraneous views.
• Topiary. For this name there are hidden shrubbery shrubs and low trees.

It is worthwhile working out the night lighting of the site. From above, special lamps are installed under the roofs of the buildings, and lanterns are installed in remote areas. Around the perimeter is placed the lower decorative illumination. Lamps hold funny hedgehogs, gnome miners or moles, looking out of decorative holes.

       

Conclusion

The design of the country plot opens up space for imagination. Owners can "customize" for themselves and their needs any functional objects. Construction and decoration will take a lot of time, but you should avoid fatal mistakes in the design, which will subsequently be difficult to fix. It is best to prepare a layout or a three-dimensional model of the site. This way of visualization will help visually evaluate the merits of the project and exclude its inconspicuous shortcomings.