Recently, people began to swiftly leave the stuffy "jungles" of megacities and explore new territories outside the city. The choice in favor of the outback has a lot of advantages. First, you can forget about the floods from above, loud quarrels between neighbors and repair-disco noise until late at night. Secondly, in your own possessions you can do gardening, gardening or breeding of domestic animals. The dacha usually has its own garage and home "spa-complex" in the form of a bath, and in the summer and up to the river is not far away. Gone are the days when in the design of the site the weight had only functionality. Now the beauty and aesthetic appeal comes first, therefore, when decorating country houses with the territories adjacent to them, the person is paid attention to ornaments. To get a project of landscape design of the site in 20 hectare, you can go in two ways:

Thanks to such assistants, you can forget about breadboarding and drafting. Dull work scheduler will perform instead of the designer, in addition, they usually give a lot of examples of successful design projects that will be an inspiration and a source of creative ideas. Some of the programs are completely free, and others only have a limited version available without buying a trial license. Before creating a project, you must prepare:

• Conduct measurements, note the slope, the relief of individual zones of the site (elevations, hollows), calculate the species sites. Independently to cope with the task is difficult, therefore it will be necessary to invite surveyors for topographical survey of the area.
• Find out the depth of groundwater.
• Draw a form of possessions on a piece of paper. Square is considered the most advantageous, but with a triangular and multifaceted it will be pretty tormented. For private plots with an area of ​​20 hectare typical forms of a rectangle, where one edge is 50 m, the other - 40 m. This greatly simplifies the work on the project of landscape design.
• Set the type of soil. This knowledge will be needed not only to create a garden and vegetable garden, but also when choosing the type of foundation for buildings or a local sewage system (drainage, cesspools). It is also necessary to make a note on the nature of insolation in the area (distribution of shade and sunlight). This will affect the choice of a site for the garden, garden area and the location of windows on the facade of the future house.

See also: Landscape design of the site on the slope +50 photo

       

If you got a "overgrown" piece of wood, glades or badly neglected grounds, then invite a specialist (forest pathologist) who can accurately determine which areas are potentially promising, where the flora needs to be preserved and which ones are already wilted and the best way to save the soil from the final impoverishment will be the cutting down of all living things on it.

       

Stylistic directions

It is easy for a beginner to get lost in stylistic diversity, so for the sake of simplification, let us cite some of the most sought-after and (let's not crush) beautiful directions:

• Dutch. The plot, despite the external solidity of the house, is slightly sloppy, due to the variegated colors. In the Dutch style, trees are rarely planted, since preference is given to shrubs and low plants. Through the garden paths of stone luxuriant bloom mixborders, and parterre lawn is decorated with elements with rustic motifs. A magnificent addition will be a real wagon, which after a skilled work of the designer turns into a flower bed.
• English. This sleek style does not have the famous stiffness of the inhabitants of the foggy Albion. The main credo of the direction is the preservation of the natural flora in order to achieve complete unity with nature. The English style is characterized by the use of vertical plantations, stone paths with luxuriant growing grass at the seams, "carpet" flower beds and free flowerbeds (rock gardens, rockeries) without fences planted with perennials. Also an obligatory element is the presence of a pond and a well-groomed lawn on the plot of land.
• Colonial. One of the most beautiful mix-trends, which remains relevant for several centuries. The colonial style organically combined the culture of the Old World and indigenous customs. The direction is characterized by the use of large tubs as flower pots for flower beds, a low stone or wooden fence and a combination of green plantings of different heights to create a light welter on the site. In the colonial landscape, the terrace must be used as a "step" to the garden, which is broken from its threshold.
• Mauritanian. Oriental style was used in oasis gardens, which were hidden from the views of outsiders and amazed with wealth and luxury. The Mauritanian site will look like a fairy tale in which lush thickets of exotic trees hide quiet corners for seclusion to the singing of paradise birds. Particular attention will be paid to the garden, which is designed on a "chor-tank" principle, when the main zone is divided into four mini-areas.
• Provence. The direction is characterized by white cobbled paths, an abundance of fruit trees and flower beds with pastel shades, wooden pergolas, pergolas, sculptures and topiary on the lawn and garden. Instead of a traditional flower garden in the yard near the house, beds with Provencal herbs are broken, and the fountain or stone well becomes the center of the recreation area.

       

Also use Japanese, Chinese, Alpine, Mediterranean, Spanish, classical, rustic styles and minimalism, modern, high-tech, eco direction.

       

Correct zoning - comfort and beauty of the site

To the site was convenient to move, it must be divided into functional areas. Those of them that have a similar purpose are united or purposefully placed close together. The full list of zones includes:

• The "center" of the plot is the house. When designing, slope, insolation, the possibility of an access road, the type of soil for choosing the type of foundation are taken into account.
• Parking for the car (garage, parking under the awning).
• Place for communication.
• Playground for passive recreation (gazebo, BBQ for barbecue or barbecue, hammock).
• An area for outdoor activities (tennis court, dance floor, ball game field, children's playground).
• Bath and summer shower.
• Swimming pool or pond.
• Household buildings (sheds, dowers, storage facilities for inventory).
• Garden.
• Horticultural lands.
• Summer cuisine.

Read also: Pool in a country house: design in the interior and exterior

       

The best option is the combination of a garden and recreational areas. A beautiful landscape view will make pastime even more pleasant. Household buildings, summer kitchen, bathhouse are also combined into one large functional sector. Separation can be done using garden paths, decorative fences, mixboarders or flower borders.

       

Garden paths, steps and flower beds around them

Garden paths not only divide the site into zones, but also give it a neat, neat appearance. They are made of stone, brick, wood, concrete, cobblestones, PVC, crushed stone or pebbles, bottle caps and even pieces of tile. Steps are used to create a non-trivial landscape composition or to revive a dull, even relief. Also, they are vital to simplify the recovery, if the property is located on a slope. Stairs can be stone, brick and wooden. They contribute to the aesthetics of the landscape and complicate the geometry of the site. The most common type of flower beds is the flowerbeds. Plants for them need to be selected, based on the climate. For example, in southern latitudes gentle, sensitive flowers that fade in the conditions of the northern climate (short summer, late spring) easily take root. Also, when selecting plants, you should pay attention to the period of their flowering. Follow the principles of Karl Linnaeus, who created a unique flower clock in which the buds unfolded at a strictly defined time. Then the flower beds throughout the season will please the eye.

       

Landscaping of the site

Landscaping of the site проводится на трех уровнях:

• Trees. They are divided into deciduous, coniferous, fruit species.
• Shrubs. Some of their types are used to create hedges and topiary ("living" figures).
• Flowers. Planted in flower gardens and are considered the basis of the summer decoration of the territory.

       

Among the designers it is popular to create rockeries and alpine slides or rock gardens. Behind the first name is hidden a stone garden, broken on a flat platform. In rockaria, a small number of cobblestones are used, which alternate with flowers. The gaps between the plants are covered with pebbles. By rules, this composition is devoid of volume, so the protruding boulders are partially buried in the ground. Alpine hills use more cobblestones, with the center of the composition being they, rather than plants, as in rockeries. The rock gardens simulate a mountain landscape, so they have a volume.

       

Popular Decorative Techniques

For the decoration of the suburban area there are a lot of interesting ideas and techniques. If the territory is equipped with a reservoir, then through it you can lay a bridge and draw a path from both sides. Perform it more often from wood or metal and stone. A similar design can simply decorate an even landscape. This solution looks stylish and exotic. For those who miss the water, but can not organize a real pond on the site, the so-called dry stream will do. It mimics the channel of the water vein, which was once filled with liquid. The bottom is lined with small pebbles and planted with rare plant bushes. To create the effect of "water ripples", select smooth, round and oval pebbles, which are stacked in rows "ribs" down. Among the general neatness there will be a neglected garden, in which the riot of vegetation managed to take its own. Of course, he will still have to take care of him, but only to keep passages for free movement. For additional lighting, the paths are sprinkled with luminous stones. Most often this marble crumb, covered with special luminescent acrylic paints, which give a soft, green or blue glow at night. Another unusual decoration of the site will be mills and lighthouses. The second element will complement the marine theme, embodied in other details of the decor. The mills can be either conventional or watermills. Not bad, they are combined with country, Russian and Dutch styles.

Read also: Decorative garden mill with own hands +50 photo

By the way, luminous pebbles can be made independently, if they are required in large quantities and the purchase will be expensive. It is enough to collect pebbles and buy a special paint in the store of art supplies.

       

Artificial ponds, fountains and cascades

Water decor is necessary to obtain a completed design pattern on the site. All water bodies are classified into two types:

• Natural. Brooks, ponds, springs.
• Artificial. Fountains, cascades, swimming pools.

       

Of particular importance to water is the oriental culture and style of the same name, which in recent years is only gaining popularity. By the way, the direction gave rise to minimalism. Water is considered a symbol of harmony and balance. Complete with the earth, it forms a tandem, which facilitates the unification with nature and the achievement of a special "Zen". If there is a natural water vein on the site, then it can be ennobled or complicated by artificial stone cascades. When you need to create a pond yourself, you need to carefully study the features of the soil and competently choose a place that will allow it to become part of the design composition and form a secluded corner for philosophical reflection.

       

We think about lighting

Proper lighting on the site is a matter not only of beauty, but also of safe movement through the territory at night. Functional lighting fixtures (basic) are recommended to be placed in such a way that the main building and all the tracks diverging from it can be seen. Also, obligatory bulbs are equipped with "dangerous" areas: sharp turns, steps, approaches to obstacles, which can be overlooked in the dark. Decorative lighting devices emphasize the beauty of the decorations of the territory. They give little light (usually shade) and are installed near important art objects: a rock garden, flower beds in a cart, a well, a pond, a fountain, garden gnomes or sculptural compositions.

       

Conclusion

Creating a design of a landscape design is a complex, multi-stage work, with which not everyone can cope. Owners of the "technical" mindset will have to discover creative potential, and "humanists" will have to learn the basics of the exact sciences. Correctly executed project does not guarantee quality of registration, as thorough implementation of every detail of the plan will require additional control. If you do not have confidence in yourself, then pay for the check and proofreading of your work with a professional. This in any case will be cheaper, and will help to avoid mistakes.