A private house or studio apartment with several levels requires a staircase. At the design stage of the lifting and lowering system, its appearance, style, structural elements (rails, steps, its fastening, etc.) should be taken into account.

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Content

• Options for private houses
  • I co-op
  • On the tendons
  • On the hills
  • Helical
  • March
• Materials for manufacturing
  • Metal
  • Concrete
  • Stone
  • Glass
• Styles and Design
  • In a modern style
  • In classic style
  • Loft style
    • Example of staircase lofts
  • In the style of minimalism
  • In Art Deco style
  • In the Art Nouveau style
  • In the style of Provence
  • Country style
  • In the Mediterranean style
• How to arrange space under the stairs?
• Rules in lighting
• Modern and unusual staircases
  • Examples
• Conclusion

Options for private houses

The main types of interstore ladders are:

• front;
• marching;
• screw;
• swinging;
• on the hats;
• attic etc.

       

The design of the main staircase is individual and is created in accordance with the dimensions of the premises. In the center of the room is often installed a march construction with intermediate platforms. A large house area can be decorated with a swinging lifting system.

From below is a march, then, a platform dividing the upper march to the right and left. To save space in a house with limited space will help a screw design.

The ladder on the bolts will not look cumbersome and will betray the interior of ease. The attic staircase can be folded and retracted into the hatch. Such a compact structure can only be opened if necessary.

I co-op

Kosoura are the basis of the ladder of any design. Kosovury are strong supporting pillars. They can be 3 - on the sides and in the center, 2 - on the sides or 1 - only on the center. Further, they fix the steps. If you look at the ladder from the side, the edges of the steps will be visible.

Kosovy designed to ensure the reliability of the construction stage - bearing racks. Today this type of buildings is in demand due to the fact that the design does not "load" the space, looks elegant and can be harmoniously inscribed in any room and interior. Especially it concerns models without risers (this element provides additional strength).

On the tendons

The technology of making designs on strings and strings is similar. The main difference is in the way of supporting the steps. In the first case, the legs are supported by struts and they are attached from above. In the second stage, the steps are placed between the bowstring.

       

The most popular model of this type is a construction with incisal steps. In the body of the bowstring, grooves are made (the depth is about 20 cm), into which the steps and risers are further established. In order for the staircase to be level, a furniture conductor is used for precise marking. The supports connect the metal rod.

On the hills

The staircase on bolts (bolts) is distinguished by the simplicity and clarity of details. The model is ideal for interior design in high-tech style.

The steps of this design are attached to long hanging bolts. They are held on iron railings. There are no risers. The base of the ladder is the steps and the bolts. The steps of this construction do not depend on each other and in case of damage they can be easily replaced.

The buildings on the walls are of different constructions:

• The steps are based only on the pain;
• From one end - to the painters, from the other - to the wall (kosour, string);
• High staircases can be combined: with support only on the muscles + the weight of the next flight may fall on the Kosower and the Bolts.

Helical

It is advisable to install a screw structure in a small apartment-studio or a private house with several levels. Such models are less convenient to use than direct ones. The steps of the spiral staircase are located around the central pillar, they have different width, as a rule, insufficient.

Screw products are built from materials with a low weight, support in the form of walls is missing. Such models can be located in the center of the room. Their main advantages are beautiful appearance, lightness, compactness.

This type of staircase should not be installed in a house in which young children and elderly people live.

Types:

1. In the center there is a support, narrow edges of steps are fastened to it, wide - lean against walls.
2. The steps are located separately in the form of a console and are attached to the central axis. Such models can be located in the center of the room.
3. Without central support. The steps adjoin the concave wall.

March

March лестница отличается простотой, удобством и безопасностью конструкции. Данный тип является наиболее функциональным вариантом для загородного дома.

       

Types of models:

1. One-marsh;
2. Two-marsh;
3. Multimarshal.

The most convenient option - no more than 10 steps in 1 march. If the number of steps is more - erect 2 marches. The separator is the platform. With a flyover height of more than 3 m, a two-car model is built.

1. Varieties;
2. Console;
3. Spinal cord.

The steps of the cantilever ladder from one edge adjoin the capital wall, the other do not have a support. The thickness of building materials for the console project should be 6 or more cm. This version looks original and not bulky. This is a good option in terms of design. However, the cantilever ladder will not be expensive.

Read also: We choose the design of the staircase

Spinal staircases consist of individual parts that are inserted into each other, forming an integral structure.

Materials for manufacturing

For the manufacture of staircases, which are supposed to be operated in private cottages or multi-level apartments, different materials and their combinations are used. The most popular materials for these purposes are;

• tree;
• metal;
• glass;
• stone (natural and artificial, crumb);
• ceramics.

Less commonly used other materials. In a country house set and concrete staircases. For greater comfort, these structures are covered with carpet paths.

       

In southern countries, ceramic tiles laid on top of stone or concrete masonry are common as a material for internal lifting structures. These materials provide a coolness in the house.

For the design of the steps, mirror panels are used, making the structure lightweight. Stairs also produce steel and cast iron (cast iron structures are in the form of a spiral). Consider materials for the manufacture of lifting structures.

Metal

Металл как строительный материал для изготовления лестничных сооружений отличается прочностью, длительным сроком службы. Metal конструкции могут смотреться легко и изящно. Такие сооружения будут уместны в любом интерьере, независимо от площади помещения.

This material is indispensable for the installation of an external staircase to the upper floor, attic, attic. Stair constructions can be made entirely of metal or have only a metal base, and the remaining elements (steps, balusters) are made of wood.

The metal base includes:

• Bearing beams (1 or 2), which account for the load;
• frame of steps, welded from a corner / profile pipe. Mounted on load-bearing racks;
• a place for turning and reducing the degree of inclination.

Metal лестницы бывают:

• welded;
• forged.

By type of construction:

• on two Kosoura;
• on one Kosower. At the base of the structure - a solid beam of metal, I-beam or channel, which has the maximum load. Steps are attached to it.

       

Strengths of such a ladder:

• durability, compactness, "weightlessness";
• on tendons;
• on the hats;
• Screw structures with a pillar in the center.

Also, metal structures are:

• with 1 or 2 prolettes;
• Direct;
• with a turn;
• rounded;
• 3-section;
• in the form of a trapezoid;
• in the form of letters: P and G.

Concrete

Concrete is a universal material for the erection of staircases, including in private construction. Designs can be mounted inside or outside the house.

Types:

• monolithic;
• combined.

Monolithic structures are usually installed in front of the entrance to the basements, outside the buildings, in front of the porch.

Combined concrete staircases are structures with a metal frame and outstanding bases for fixing concrete steps. For casting steps, formwork and reinforcing bars are used; materials are: concrete, granite crushed stone, marble chips. After complete drying, the steps are polished.

Pluses:

• strength;
• resistance to external influences;
• convenience;
• no noise during operation;
• fire safety;
• the possibility of adding decor elements.

The construction of such a staircase takes place at the stage of erection of the floor of the house. The main condition for the installation of a concrete ladder is the correctness of calculations to ensure a smooth step in operation. It is necessary to take into account the thickness of the floor and the cover to obtain an index of the lifting height of the steps.

Stone

Stone is the best material for creating staircases, both external and internal. A stone staircase will complement the interior of the room, in which luxury reigns. Such a design can be made of granite, marble of different shades, slate, quartzite or limestone.

Staircase marches made of granite differ in strength and resistance to adverse external influences; for a long time retain a pristine appearance.

Popular staircases with stairs made from crumbs of natural stones. Such designs are durable and durable.

To create ladder steps, an artificial stone (porcelain stoneware, agglomerate, acrylic stone) is widely used. Among the advantages of this material: durability, aesthetic appeal, affordable price. More economical and lightweight option - a ladder with stone overlays for steps.

Marble stone has a wide range of colors suitable for any interior. When choosing this material, an important characteristic is the adhesive composition. It must be selected correctly.

Staircase construction made of marble is easy to install: first the master lays a stone structure, then, concrete.

Pluses:

• strength;
• simplicity of installation;
• attractive appearance;
• compactness;
• affordable price.

Glass

Glass лестницы призваны служить доминантой интерьера и его украшением. Лестничные конструкции из стекла могут стать важной частью интерьеров в стилях:

• bionic;
• high tech;
• minimalism;
• techno.

Pluses:

• original appearance;
• strength.

Since such facilities are installed in the halls to impart a space of beauty and lightness, the designers recommend to build in the house one more, more functional and convenient staircase, which is supposed to be used every day.

For the safety of the occupants of the house, the glass surface of the steps should be equipped with an anti-slip coating.

Also, in terms of design, if the house contains objects and surfaces made of metal, wood and stone, they can be well harmonized with a staircase made of glass.

Types of glass slopes in terms of design:

• prefabricated;
• welded.

Prefabricated models are attached to the wall using a metal support. Welded structures are more reliable, withstand high loads. The steps of these staircases are kept on the Kosovars. Welded structures are installed in the shopping center and mall, in office and residential buildings.

Styles and Design

In order for the staircase to rise to the second floor has become a harmonious addition or central object of the interior, it must be properly chosen in terms of style and design.

Often, staircases are located in the hallway. At the entrance to the house, the owners and guests first of all see the interstorey ladder, so its design should be given great attention.

Read also: Loft design +75 photo arrangement of a room in a private house

       

The structure should be selected in accordance with the style of the premises. The construction will pass through the first and second floors or levels, so you need to think about a smooth transition from one situation to another.

The color scheme is also important. Depending on the style of the interior and the tastes of the owners, the staircase can be inscribed harmoniously, or act as a contrast center of the general interior.

Elements of interior decoration and staircase design on the second floor (art forging in the design of a fireplace or grilles on the windows and guarding the staircase) may intersect, forming a single composition.

In a modern style

For stairs in a modern style are typical:

• severity of forms;
• lack of decor.

       

Materials:

• wood;
• metal parts;
• каленое glass;
• concrete.

Modern ladder with forging differ severity or as an enclosure can serve as an art object.

In private houses modern buildings are made of wood with decorative elements of various shapes.

Each detail of the structure plays its role in the overall decoration. Materials for fences:

• metal;
• glass;
• wood (rarely).

Fences and railings may be absent. For safety, the handrail can be located on the adjacent wall.

On the platforms between the flights there are tables or tables with pictures or lamps.

In the space under the march set vases with indoor plants, waterfalls or fountains. Balusters on structures in a modern style support the railing and provide security. The appearance of the balusters is strict, without decoration, but the shapes can be different, for example, in the form of racks mounted with different steps.

In classic style

Classical style includes marching stairs, with or without platforms, depending on the size of the room.

In classic style предпочтение отдается природным материалам. Распространены лестницы из дерева с декоративными элементами.

Marble is used for facing the steps. But, this material refers to the cold and slips, so the steps can be covered with carpet.

Main characteristics:

• comfort;
• symmetry of parts;
• clarity of lines;
• solid appearance;
• elements of decor.

In the process of finishing, gilding, carving, natural stones, art forging are used. Such designs are decorated with tapestry, silk.

Loft style

A loft-style staircase can be made of any material.

Key characteristics of the style:

• space divided into zones;
• manufacturability;
• simplicity of design;
• lack of decor;
• functionality.

       

Loft style разные архитектурные решения гармонично сочетаются друг с другом (стены из кирпича + лестницы из металла + зеркала и современная техника).

The color scale of steps of loft-stairs is dark, cold; the frame is cast from metal. The fences are treated with a composition that gives the products an effect of antiquity.

Example of staircase lofts

A direct structure based on a welded metal frame with modern design elements.

The angle of inclination of the march is 45 °. The steps can be made from solid solid wood: oak, beech, pine; lined with lining. The metal guard for greater comfort is equipped with a wooden handrail.

The staircase may have a G-shape or a U-shape.

In the style of minimalism

The main characteristic of minimalism style is perfect impeccability. For the interior in this style, a single-stair ladder of straight form is suitable.

As a fastener for the steps can act boltsy. The design can not be enclosed from the outside.

As a handrail along the wall a thin crossbeam is used. Based on the concept of minimalism, decorative elements on the lifting structure are also absent.

       

The simple design of the staircase in the minimalist style can not look trivial. Every detail must be reconciled and be in its place.

In Art Deco style

The Art Deco style is the quintessence of different cultures and eras. For stairs in this style are typical:

• sharp lines;
• geometry;
• decor with inlaid;
• high cost of materials and final product.

The main material is light wood. Lifting structures in this style will appeal to connoisseurs of luxury and grace. Spans are created with low steps. When decorating a handrail, art forging with strange patterns, plant motifs, which can smoothly "flow" into the decor of the walls or floor, is used.

       

The ideal type of stairs is deco-screw or semicircular. The correct lines must be combined with complex patterns. The areas between the spans are spacious.

In the Art Nouveau style

Modern - architectural style of the beginning of XX century. In it different directions intertwined. This style can be described as practical with an aesthetic appeal.

Distinctive features of the style:

• strength;
• minimalism;
• clarity of lines;
• conciseness.

Stairs in the Art Nouveau style are mainly made of wood (for example, larch) or metal. The steps have an asymmetric, broken form. In the manufacture of handrails used art forging or woodcarving. Vegetable ornaments are popular. Also, the structure in modern style can be made of concrete.

       

In the presence of staircases, there you can install an object in the same style, for example, a chair with a high back.

The mission of the stairs in this style is to conquer the owners of the house and their guests with a luxurious appearance. The interior must be appropriate.

In the style of Provence

Lifting structures in the style of Provence are elegant, elegant and executed in light colors. Elements of designs in this style have decorative scrapes, faded areas to create the effect of antiquity.

The staircase in the style of Provence is simple. Decoration is a painting with floral motifs. The colors of the Provencal stairs are pastel, tender.

To maximize the suitability of a Provence style building, the ladder must have right angles. Fences - forged, represent a florid plexus, reminiscent of the branches of trees. With the help of patina, the railing takes on an old look.

Read also: Interior of a drawing room in a country house +75 photo

Typical materials are natural:

• tree;
• a rock;
• metal.

The main material for creating a building in the style of Provence is a tree. Preference is given to wood light shades: birch, light oak, maple. For finishing the sidewalls of the stairs use panels with a relief surface.

Steps and / or frame can be finished with a wild stone. For safety and soundproofing, steps can be covered with carpet from natural fabrics, (such as flax, sackcloth).

       

В качестве декора ограждения подходит metal. Это может быть художественная ковка или более бюджетный металлический профиль.

Country style

Country is a typical style of the American province. This style of interior is ideal for a holiday home.

The staircase in the style of Country has a simple design. The material is wood and other natural materials. For greater styling on the surface of the wood, scuffs and irregularities are made.

A popular option is "old" wallpaper and wooden panels of calm colors. Staircases are also decorated with thematic panels.

This style has different directions that affect the design of the staircase.

For example, taking as a basis country style in typical American traditions, the staircase is made out as a barrage of a cattle yard. Typical attributes of farm life are used as decor.

The structure can be made from hewn beams, and logs are used as steps. Artificially aged elements are in harmony with natural stone, ceramic fragments.

In the Mediterranean style

For the Mediterranean style are typical:

• comfort;
• simplicity;
• natural chic.

Constructions in this style can be embodied from various materials:

• wood;
• stone;
• metal;
• concrete;
• brick.

The constructions can be:

• screw;
• marching.

The most common version of the staircase in the Mediterranean style for a country house is a wooden structure. They are simple in terms of design and manufacturing, successfully fit into the interior, if necessary, a wooden staircase can be repaired. The tree brings a touch of comfort to the interior of the house. The material is birch, covered with polyurethane varnish hue "wenge", which creates a black-blue tide.

A solid stone construction can be well inscribed in the interior. Thanks to the use of modern materials such a structure will not be heavy. Stairs in the Mediterranean style, made of wrought iron, look refined and spectacular.

Ступени часто отделывают керамической плиткой для создания прохлады. Материалом основания может служить камень, металл, concrete.

How to arrange space under the stairs?

Regardless of the area of ​​the house, each its cm should be arranged with benefit. Space under the stairs to the second floor can be designed in accordance with their aesthetic preferences: install vases with plants, decorative figurines, coffee table, etc. or equip there:

• mini-kitchen;
• cabinets / shelves for books, souvenirs;
• "Parking" for bicycles, prams;
• there is
• sleeping or working place;
• a playground for children;
• wardrobe;
• san-node;
• pantry

       

Think ideas should be at the stage of building a house in order to timely bring the communications for the kitchen, san-node, lighting the square.

In terms of design, the underbrush space can blend in with the style of the house or be a separate zone.

Rules in lighting

Correctly selected lighting can transform and make the original staircase of the most conventional design.

When choosing a backlight for a home hoisting structure, you need to observe important points:

• the backlight must be muted so as not to obstruct visibility;
• If the staircase is not the dominant of the space and is located, for example, in the living room, the lighting should also not be unnecessarily bright;
• spot light fixtures of low power should be mounted along the march at the same distance from each other for uniform illumination of each step;
• if the structure is made in muted colors or located in a darkened area, the lighting should be brighter;
• The lighting of the stairway should be in harmony with the main room lighting.

If the staircase is installed in a room with a high ceiling, in addition to the lighting, there must be a top light.

Modern and unusual staircases

Modern staircase designs are characterized by unusual combinations of materials, styles and color solutions, unexpected decor elements, original lighting.

Examples

A creative solution for a small-area house is a screw structure in the form of a snail with a high inner lip that performs the function of a handrail. As a backlight, spotlights are used, mounted in the sides of the structure. A miniature staircase in eco-style with hanging steps made of wood with metal rods as a handrail.

Also, for an interior in eco-style, a suspended ladder design made of wood with a glass fence is suitable. Original and "airy" looks a compact lifting structure with hanging steps, finished with veneer. As a fence tightened metal ropes.

For the interior in the style of high-tech designers offer to install a sculptural screw structure with a central support in the form of a spiral and glass steps without fencing.

The staircase located in the hall can be made of steel with marble inserts on the steps. Stopping your choice on a modern lifting structure, you should not forget about safety, as many samples of unusual stairs have a steep inclination angle and do not have a handrail.

Conclusion

With all the variety of modern designs, it is important that the staircase was:

• safe;
• convenient;
• functional;
• stylish;
• Harmonized with the interior of the house.

Choose the type, style, design and location of the staircase should be at the stage of erection of the house, then the staircase will bring practical benefits and admire the household and guests with their appearance for many years.