Ficus, home care after which will be simple, is a very common indoor plant. There are many of its varieties, and many of them are completely different from each other. Now, ficus is a frequent plant in winter gardens, offices, houses, apartments. People believe that the ficus has some magical properties. For example, he can cope with negative emotions, protect people from them, bringing happiness and wealth to their homes.
Bengal ficus is a tree from the family of Tutov, grows in warm countries of India, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh. Under favorable conditions, or man-made, the Bengali ficus reaches enormous dimensions due to the drooping air roots from the horizontal trunks of the tree. The roots go down and if not wither take root, giving the tree to expand in breadth. The circumference of the crown of such a tree can reach 600 meters.
In Thailand, ficus is considered a sacred tree and as a symbol is depicted on the arms of the country.
In this article, read:
- 1 Species of ficus
- 2 Care of the plant
- 3 Reproduction of the ficus
- 4 Difficulties in growing and disease of ficus
- 5 Some recommendations
- 6 Ficus Benjamin. Care at home. Video
- 7 Ficus at home
Ficus species
Ficus is a beautiful plant. It belongs to the mulberry family. Types of ficuses are very numerous. There are more than 900 varieties, which have the form of lianas, shrubs, trees. By the way, there are not only evergreen, but also deciduous varieties. The native land of the plant is Asia, because it suits a subtropical climate. Some varieties can reach a height of more than 30 m, and their leaves will be not less than 1 m. The leaves themselves can be solid, regular, glossy, lobed and pubescent. The flower of the ficus has a very unusual shape. Inflorescence is like an overgrown axis, which has a head or pear-shaped form. Inside it is hollow, and at the top you can find a hole. After the insects pollinate the inflorescence, fruits appear. Is it possible to keep such a plant at home? Of course. However, it is very rare to achieve flowering from it.
Tree ficus can be found in apartments, offices, winter gardens. There is a belief that the ficus has "magical properties": protect the house from negative energy, neutralize negative emotions and bring happiness to the house.
According to the Thai, Ficus brings luck and drives away evil spirits.
View ficus rubber, home care for which is not very complex, is very popular. It is often used for decoration of premises. Many people believe that the ficus of rubber, the care at home is very simple, brings well-being to the family. His homeland is the northern and eastern regions of India. Some Buddhists attribute the rubber to the sacred plants. While it is very young, the tree will not be very branched, but this will change with time. Then the air roots grow, which the rubbery form pulls from the branches to the soil. Then new trunks appear from them. Ficus melanie is considered one of the varieties of this ficus and is a unique variety. In addition, there are more varieties such as Robusta Ficus, Belize, Elast, Black Prince, Abidjan, Tineke.
In rubbery varieties (including ficus robusta), the leaves grow very large and leathery. They have a dark green hue and are distinguished by an elliptical shape. On the ends there is a sharpening. Ficus robusta, like other varieties of rubber-like type, differs in that, while the leaves are young, they can have a brownish hue. Previously, robusta ficus and other similar varieties of this variety of plants were grown for industrial purposes - rubber production. Ficus rubber, more precisely its juice, is very irritating to the skin, causing allergies and dermatitis. This is due to the fact that the composition of the juice of the fig tree rubber is latex, enzymes and alkaloids. However, there are other equally interesting and useful varieties. If the rubber plant has a variety of varieties, other species of the plant are less diverse.
To apply, the ficus of Benedict has only two varieties - ficus Ali and Queen Amstel. They are perfect for landscaping premises. In natural conditions, they can be found only in the south and east of Asia. A distinctive feature is the leaves, which are pointed and very densely arranged.
The dark green glossy leaves of the fig tree are lyrate.
Perfectly well-groomed ficus Elasnica Melany.
Ficus Bengali basically grows only on Burma, in India, Malaysia and Thailand. A distinctive feature of this variety is banyan. This is how air roots are called, which grow from branches. As a result, it appears that only one big old tree, a Bengali ficus, looks like a whole forest.
Ficus bonsai is best made from Benjamin. There are more than 30 varieties of this variety: kinki, natasha, daniel, viandi and so on. Most often you can find such a plant near the mountains. This tree is evergreen. Dwarfish ficus is also an evergreen variety. In the wild, it can grow directly on the trunk of another tree. A decorative evergreen tree can belong to a lyrical type. The name of the species is due to the fact that the leaves are like a lyre.
Ficus Benjamin. A treelike plant from which lovers painstakingly form bonsai (the art of growing dwarf trees for decorative purposes).
The fanciful ficus of the microcarp.
Care of the plant
Taking care of ficus in the home is not at all difficult. However, before selecting a plant, it is necessary to find out where it will stand in the house. Ficuses are very conservative plants - they do not like it when they are rearranged. The room should be sunny. Must be access to fresh air. Direct sunlight should not fall on the plant. If lighting is not enough, the ficus will grow very slowly, and the leaves will become pale.
And when and how to transplant the ficus? In the first 5 days after the purchase and transportation of the plant, it can not be transplanted. It must adapt to the new conditions. When transplanting an earth lump near the roots, you can not destroy it. The soil needs to be checked for parasites. When the pot becomes cramped, a transplant is also needed. It is best to perform this procedure in the spring or summer. It will require a special mixture based on peat, sand and leaves. For adult individuals, humus or soddy soil can be added.
Ficus Benjamin. If you do not trim the crown of the ficus tree to grow to the ceiling.
As for the temperature regime, in summer, the recommended temperature is up to 30 ° C, and in winter - 15-20 ° C. If the soil is overcooled, then the plant discards the foliage. The humidity should be 70%. It is advisable to spray ficus every day in the morning or in the evening with clean water. For spraying, the water should be soft and slightly warm. For irrigation, it should be the same. The frequency of watering depends on the humidity of the soil, air, temperature in the room and lighting. After the plant is watered, after half an hour you need to pour all the water from the pan, otherwise the roots can rot. As for fertilizers, they need to be introduced every year, especially every couple of weeks in the spring and summer time - this will help the growth of the ficus. In winter, soil can not be fertilized, otherwise it will not go into hibernation.
Reproduction of ficus
Как размножить фикус? Существует несколько способов. Во-первых, можно воспользоваться листиками. Во-вторых, можно прибегнуть к воздушным отводкам. И в-третьих, применяются черенки с верхушки растения. Reproduction of ficus в домашних условиях переносится растением достаточно легко, без каких-либо трудностей. Однако имеются некоторые особенности. К примеру, растения ампельного типа переносят размножение намного проще. Даже пересадка фикуса осуществляется намного легче. Они хорошо приспосабливаются к новым условиям, так как достаточно быстро укореняются. Что касается сортов в виде деревьев и кустарников, то понадобится больше времени. Обязательно нужно знать, как ухаживать за фикусом в домашних условиях после его пересадки или размножения. В таком случае уход будет более тщательным.
There are several tips that you want to implement. They are suitable for all varieties of ficus. First, the best time for reproduction and for transplanting ficus is spring and the first weeks of summer. Secondly, when the cutting is cut, the cut itself needs to be washed in clean water, and then dried. In addition, special biostimulators can be used for more rapid rooting. Young shoots for the process of cuttings propagation should not be chosen, since they can not start the roots, so it is better to choose those twigs that have already become stiff. If you want to propagate the ficus of a tree-like type, then cuttings themselves must be cut from the top of the plant. The segment itself must have a minimum of 1 knot.
Pruning ficus shoots to form the crown.
So cardinally produce a rejuvenating trimming ficus.
The trunk-pigtail for the ficus of Benjamin.
The size of the cut should be 15-16 cm. Before cutting, it is necessary to roughly designate the distance from the top of the branch, and then make an incision at an angle. After that, the lower leaves are removed. If the ficus reproduces, which has large leaves, then on the cuttings they can not be removed completely, and the cut can be shortened. How to transplant cuttings in this case - this issue should be solved only after the brush is found on the cuttings.
Difficulties in growing and disease of ficus
People who care for the ficus often face various difficulties, which makes the plant lose its healthy appearance. Some wonder why the leaves turn yellow. Most often this happens because the watering is excessive, and the soil is too moist. Why yellow leaves need to be understood right away, until the tree is completely left naked. In addition to yellowing and loss of foliage, if the soil becomes too moist, the stem begins to darken, loses its turgor. The soil will smell quite unpleasant, and the ficus turns yellow and the leaves fall off. Temporarily, do not add water to the soil. If the situation is too bad, then you need to completely replace the soil and trim the roots, which began to rot.
In addition, people are interested in why the leaves fall off, but this may be due to a lack of fertilizing. It is necessary to fertilize the soil, otherwise the foliage will become brown. Sometimes there are other problems. For example, why does the ficus of the foliage on the tips become brown and dry. This can occur because of a low value of humidity, so it is recommended that the plant is sprayed with ordinary clean water daily. You can not put a plant near the radiator.
Fruits of dwarfish ficus.
Ficus is rubbery.
If the leaves turn yellow at the ficus, the air is too dry, so the humidity must be increased. In the summer, too, the yellow leaves of the ficus, it must be sprinkled with water. Such a shower would do him good. If there are small red spots, and then the leaves fall off the ficus, then the reason may be a number of factors. For example, this applies to scorching sunlight, insufficient irrigation and air humidity.
Some recommendations
Some difficulties arise when trimming a fig tree. So he can be shaped like a bonsai. Ficus can be made in the form of a ball, bush, sculpture, stem. It is best to trim in the first months of spring, in extreme cases - in the summer. This procedure will depend on the age of the ficus. When forming the crown and pruning it is necessary to follow a number of rules. The shape and type of the future plant should be natural. Before you start changing the shape and trim the branches, you need to represent the plant without them. For cutting, special sterile tools should be used. All slices are made at a certain angle to the edge. With regard to pests, for example, the falcus of melanis (and others), which is not properly maintained, may suffer from scabies, mealybugs, spider mites, thrips, aphids, nematodes, fungi.
Is it possible to keep ficus at home? This plant is perfect for growing indoors, but it blooms under such conditions very rarely.
Basically it does not matter if you choose a Bengali ficus or some other variant, the main thing is that you like it yourself!
