Garden and park and landscape construction is a very big direction of phytodesign, which requires serious theoretical and practical training. Regardless of the size of the site, in order for the future result to be worthy and long-term, it is necessary to apply a professional approach to design. Even creating a landscape design of 6 hectare, you need to show patience, initially paying enough attention to the theory.
- The initial plan of the site;
- Zoning;
- Design.
If necessary, also:
- Drainage system;
- Watering scheme;
- The scheme of electrical networks.
The initial or rough plan of the site is needed to create all the other plans. It should reflect the sides of the world, the features of the landscape (lowlands, elevations, planting of large plants), built on the territory of the dacha, as well as near borders, adjacent plots or roads. The second stage of design is zoning. Here you need to think about what will be the functional zones (recreation area, kitchen garden, sports, economic, children's area). Estimating the real possibilities of a small country plot, it is better to limit to 3-4 zones, determining their acceptable size.
The most fascinating part, direct design planning. This point, as a rule, is given most of all time. It is here that everything that 6 hundred square meters of land should turn into is reflected.
Less often in such small areas are planned engineering systems. Thus, the watering system can replace the usual garden hose, which can easily be thrown into any corner of the garden, and for lighting, as a rule, there are enough sources fixed on the cottage. In the event that it is planned to install more serious systems of irrigation and lighting, then it is better to contact the specialized companies for their design.
Garden Garden
Traditionally in our country, land is used for growing vegetable crops. The main advice of professionals is that you do not need to maintain this tradition in absolute accuracy. The garden can also be beautiful, and not like a cemetery with rectangular graves.
If desired, you can design the entire site in the form of a large decorative garden. The beds can be replaced with flower beds of different sizes and shapes, where the flower filling will be replaced with edible plants.
All the vegetables we habitually have very decorative data, which, if placed reasonably, can open up for you in a new light, even ordinary potatoes planted separately, like a solitary plant, will simply be unrecognizable, because its texture foliage will become a contrasting background for colorful inflorescences, and then for unusual bunches of fruit, which previously were not noticeable in the general heap of planting.
Moreover, planted separately potato bushes will bear fruit better, because care for them will be more affordable, and therefore more quality than in mass plantings.
Very unusual, but with this spectacular will be the creation of a garden in the form of a multi-level terrace, t. practically all vegetables are annuals in the middle zone, then one can not be afraid of the complete freezing of the artificially created upland. When creating such an element of the landscape, the general appearance of the garden plot acquires a beautiful shape, visually creates the impression of an increase in the area.
Combine vegetables and flowers
To diversify the design of the suburban area, you need to add colors in the form of flowers, harmoniously combined with fruitful plants. Flowers can be used both perennial and annual.
When composing a composition, it is important to take into account the characteristics of all adjacent landings, the size of the underground, ground parts, shade tolerance, irrigation requirements, bush growth rate, fertilizer preferences, soil composition, compatibility with other neighbors. If there is a need to leave a large space around a cultural landing, it can be filled with ground cover species, or with limited growths that do not require a large biological space.
It is appropriate to use adjacent varieties of fruit and flower. Modern breeders offer many varieties of edible brassica, an allium with large globular inflorescences, various latitudes, miniature tomatoes and much more. For vertical landscaping is ideal combination of cucumbers and garden loaches.
Favorite by all truck farmers creeping on the ground zucchini, pumpkins will look good in combination with low zinnias and marigolds. In general, you need not be afraid to experiment in this direction, creating new unique compositions.
Availability
When creating a landscape design, you need to provide access to all elements of the garden, so that there is no difficulty in caring for them.
Even at the design stage, a system of tracks and individual islets is planned, which must be stable and of sufficient size. Also, if there are no underground communications leading water, it is worthwhile to calculate how irrigation will be provided so that in the process of watering not damage the plants.
Fruit trees and shrubs
For the suburban area of 6 hectare it will be rational to select low-growing trees and half-shrubs, alternating with small fruit bearing bushes.
This part of the garden is better placed near the northern or north-eastern border of the site, so that these plantings do not create in the daytime a shadow for light-loving herbaceous plants. It will also be better if these plantings are located on a natural hill, where there will be no stagnant water in the spring, a fatal day of the root system, otherwise you need to create the right drainage system.
Drainage is done for each plant at the bottom of the planting hole in combination with a common system for draining excess water ie. installation of drainage pipes, ditches, etc. With the correct arrangement of drainage, all water must leave, without lingering on this site.
Groups of woody plants can serve as a visual barrier, thanks to them it is possible to design areas inaccessible to the eyes of curious neighbors, this is especially true for a narrow area where it is difficult to create a secluded recreation area.
Here, too, do not forget to combine the pleasant with the useful, for example, creating combinations of rose bushes with currant.
Shady part of the garden
Creating a design of the cottage area with their own hands, you need to consider all the details. One of these tricky moments can be considered filling the shady part of the garden. Often, inexperienced gardeners because of their inexperience millet leave this area under the weeds, it's not terrible if it's an inconspicuous patch behind the house, where it's more difficult for those who have it to be the front of the house.
In fact, there are many shade-tolerant crops, of course, they will not be fruit-bearing or possessing luxuriant flowering, more often they are ornamental plants. Creating a variety of combinations of textures and shades can achieve a good decorative effect.
The glossy, rounded leaves of the hosts will contrast in a duet with pinnate fern vylets in the foreground. For the background, high ferns, for example, the ostrich are good. If necessary, it is possible to create a lawn from ground cover plants such as an alder, a hoof, or a lily of the valley.
Garden for rest
In recent years, it has become fashionable to purchase country plots not in order to get involved in gardening, but simply for cultural recreation in the open air. As a rule, for this purpose it does not make sense to acquire large territories, it will be enough to have a plot of 6 hectare with a small country house with a well-equipped recreation area.
Here it is simply necessary to choose the most unpretentious plants that do not require special care. And from the decorative elements will be enough to create 2-3 flower beds with perennial flowers, able to grow in one place for many years. Open areas can be sown with stunted grass lawns that are resistant to trampling.
General appearance can be diversified by installing gazebos, summer kitchens, swings or artificial ponds. It should be understood that any site will require a minimum of maintenance in order to maintain a presentable appearance.
In hot heat, almost all crops require watering, the flower beds need fertilizing and weeding, and the lawn in the haircut.
Flowerbeds
The most common element of landscape design is the flowerbed. There are flower beds of rectangular shape, they are called rabatkami and flower beds of arbitrary shape. Also distinguish between single-level and multi-level flower beds.
Rabatki, as a rule, suitable for gardens, decorated in a form-linear style with the use of clear geometric shapes. In small areas, they are usually located adjacent to the buildings.
The free form of the flower beds is suitable for gardens in the vegetative style, where everyone strives to imitate nature. Here, as everywhere, it will be appropriate to have a different level and natural chaos of landings. When planning the flowerbed, it is necessary to take into account the time of flowering of all components, ideally to achieve the effect of continuous flowering, so that the withering inflorescences immediately changed to newly blossoming ones. For this purpose, special tables have been created, where seasonal flowering is reflected. If nevertheless there are intervals of time with absence of flowering of the basic perennials, then it is necessary to take care of filling them with flying-flies with a long flowering period.
As for the color solution, it is necessary to create color spots from groups of similar colors, but differing in texture of colors. You can also implement monochrome combinations.
Annual flowerbeds
When creating a landscape design with your own hands, you can start with flowerbeds with annual crops. Among them there is a large selection of unpretentious plants on which you can practice and gain experience in floriculture.
An important advantage of such short-lived landings can be considered the opportunity to change the design yearly. In one season it can be a multilevel complex flower bed of dahlias, amaranth, petunias, nasturtiums, marigolds, and in the next it will be a classic composition of asters, cineraria, cleansing. Annuals, as a rule, have a long flowering, which favorably affects the continuous flowering during the season.
There are many unpretentious varieties, for which minimal care is needed. Also, many cultures of non-fertile substrates are derived. Thus, you can gradually select the most suitable flowers for your site, which will always please your abundant flowering.
Individual landscape
For most of the sites, a monotonous landscape is characteristic, which does not have individual features. To make the view not boring you need to create elements that imitate the natural elements of the landscape (elevations, lowlands, different levels).
One of such elements can be an alpine slide or a terrace in several "floors". Trees and shrubs also visually impart the necessary 3D effect.
Create multi-level flower beds and vertical landscaping, which will attract attention, delay your views.
Harmony in the garden
With your own hands, you can create a harmonious landscape design. To do this, individual elements should be selected in a single style, combined with the buildings and natural features of the site.
For example, accessories from the barbecue area should be appropriate among artificial plantings, rather than appear random elements.
Create a smooth flow of color spots one to another, do not create rainbow gardens, it strains the psyche and does not contribute to relaxation. First of all, landscape design is designed for a person, it is better to make all its components convenient, practical.
The design of the suburban area, which has modest dimensions, should not be loaded with an abundance of decor, it is better to pay maximum attention to the functional components.
In conclusion, we can say that creating a landscape design of a cottage area with our own hands is very exciting, skills can be improved every year, bringing them to the ideal. Expanding their knowledge of individual topics covered in this article, without fear of experimenting, you can develop your own individual style.
