The times when on a country plot you could see only an even row of beds and an empty lawn have long since passed. More and more people began to use the dacha as a family vacation place. Decorative mill will easily set the mood of the entire local area. This article will tell you what varieties can be built in your garden and how to harmoniously fit the building into the surrounding space.

Below we will talk about a miniature copy of this mill, which will serve as an ornamental decoration of the infield. It will create a sense of style and harmony, and also will evoke pleasant associative images of the atmosphere of the last century. The mill will give the site a rustic charm and coziness, which is so lacking to the city dweller.

Varieties:

• • wooden;
  • stone;
  • with a waterfall.

It can also be wind or water.

The standard windmill is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. To one of the walls are attached blades, which, if desired, can rotate. This will make the construction more interesting and reliable. The whole structure can be divided into four elements:

• foundation and foundation;
• the body;
• roof;
• wings-blades.

In addition, it is possible to build a rotor on the roof, which allows the mill to rotate in the wind, however, this is not necessary.

       

Where to place and what to combine

The mill can become the center of the composition of the infield. A well in the same style, made under the antiquity or a decorative haystack, will support the given theme. Supplement the picture of wooden figures of animals, shrubs and flower garden.

The design can be placed anywhere. Equally harmoniously, it will look in the garden among the trees, overgrown with tall grass and in the open space next to the terrace, surrounded by flower beds. The main rule - the material of manufacture and finishing should fit into the overall style of buildings on the site.

A mill with a waterfall is ideal for a recreation area. Place it better on the shore of a pond or stream. This will allow warm summer evenings to enjoy a placid splash of water.

       

Determination of size and function

The design can be not only the decoration of the garden, but also a functional structure. In the form of a decorative mill can be issued:

• cellar or shed for storing tools;
• country toilet or shower;
• dog booth;
• multilevel flowerbed;
• children's playhouse;
• pergola;
• summer kitchen.

The last two options are suitable only for large areas, otherwise the structure will look cumbersome.

Decorative construction will help to hide engineering communications, for example, a pipe for irrigation or a hatch from a septic tank.

The size of the future mill depends on the anticipated needs, that is, whether it will carry any functional purpose or will only be the decor and capacity of the site allocated for construction. Too much design in a small area will look ridiculous. The height of the mill, which serves as a decorative ornament of the garden, averages 1-1.5 meters.

The propeller mill can be rotating or not. In the first case, it is necessary to make the wheel with the blades movable and minimize the frictional force, then it will twist even from a small breeze.

Construction of a stone mill

The indisputable advantage of a stone mill is its durability. With minimal care, it will stay on the site for several decades. The disadvantages include the difficulty of moving, as well as dismantling, therefore, the construction should be treated capitally.

Necessary materials and tools

Construction begins with the project. Having decided on the size and appearance of the future structure, you must draw a plan. This will allow you to calculate the required number of materials.

Materials:

• brick or its broken fragments for the base;
• cement and sand;
• natural stone or tiles for cladding;
• Sheet metal or wooden laths for making blades;
• threaded stud; Nails, bolts, nuts, screws of different sizes.

Instruments:

• mixer and a bucket for mixing the solution;
• putty knife;
• Master OK;
• roulette;
• level;
• if the blades are made of wood, then you will need a saw, a hacksaw or an electric jigsaw.

Foundation

A stone mill will need a foundation, only so it can be guaranteed that the structure will not float along with the ground in spring or during rain.

Глубина закладки зависит от общих размеров. Для небольшой мельницы высотой 1-1,5 м выкапывается ямка 40 на 40 см, глубиной примерно 30 см, внутрь закладывается арматура и заливается цементно-песчаным раствором. Foundation должен просохнуть в течение нескольких дней, после чего можно продолжать строительство.

To prepare the mortar, one part of the cement and three parts of the sand are taken.

House erection

Inside the finished house will not be empty, so you need to prepare the base. It is most convenient to use a brick or its fragments. It is necessary to fold the masonry of the desired shape. The size and proportions can be any, but it is better to make a mill in the form of a trapezoid or a cone. For the ligament, the same cement-sand mortar is used. The design must be level, therefore, during the erection, a level is used.

See also: Graffiti in the interior

During the laying of the brick, the threaded stud is immured in the base for further fastening of the blades. In advance, a plate is welded to it or a large nut is wound on it, which it will catch on the brickwork.

At the same stage, there are other technical holes in the bottom of the mill, because when the solution hardens, the design will no longer change. Of course, it will be possible to try to drill a masonry, but in this case the split of the whole ground is not ruled out.

The shape of the roof depends on the shape of the house. For a cylindrical base in the form of a tower, a traditional roof in the form of a cone is suitable, the cover of which is made of facing material, and for a rectangle the usual gable roof.

What to decorate

Decorate the mill can be a natural or artificial stone. Best of all, tiles are made in the form of small bricks. Facing such a building will look like a small copy of this ancient mill. Lay the outer layer on the moisture resistant adhesive, avoiding voids. The more quality the work is done, the less moisture will penetrate inside, and the mill will retain a good appearance longer.

Producing a propeller

Rotating by the action of the wind, the blades are the most recognizable part of the mill, however, when making a decorative version, they can be stationary.

There are several ways to assemble a propeller.

First option:

1. Two circles with a diameter of 15-25 cm are cut from the plywood, and a hole for the hairpin is made in the center of the drill.
2. Blades are assembled separately from the reiki. In order for the wind to turn the propeller and rotate the millstone, in the present mill they are slightly angled, which allows them to capture air currents.
3. Both parts are treated with an antiseptic and covered with paint.
4. Blades are equally clamped between two circles of plywood with glue or bolts.
5. The finished propeller is put on the stud, the nut is twisted from both sides.

The second option:

1. Two long racks, using glue to connect the cross to the cross.
2. In the center of the intersection, a hole is made for the hairpin.
3. For each edge, slats are punched in the form of a blade.
4. The finished propeller is put on the pin and fixed with nuts.

If desired, the blade can be cut out of sheet metal. In this case, sharp edges need to be processed, and parts welded together. Decorative stone mill with a propeller from metal looks more harmonious, but the iron must be painted to avoid the appearance of rust.

Manufacture of wooden structures

A wooden mill will not be as durable as a stone mill, however, it looks absolutely different and creates a different mood. Someone will seem that it is much easier to assemble a structure from a tree, but this is not entirely true. Without carpentry skills can not do.

Products made of wood do not tolerate high humidity, so for the winter the mill must be brought into the room. This will help avoid rotting and darkening of the array.

Necessary materials and tools

You can make a wooden mill from the remains of building material or buy everything you need in a store. Any scraps of solid wood and lumber will do.

It is easiest to work with a pine tree - it has a soft plastic structure, besides it is the cheapest and affordable tree in the store.

Materials:

• a wooden bar;
• moisture resistant plywood;
• wood for decoration;
• rake for blades;
• roofing material
• nails, bolts, self-tapping screws of different sizes;
• threaded stud;
• varnish for wood or linseed oil.

Instruments:

• saw, hacksaw or electric jigsaw;
• drill or screwdriver;
• Sander;
• sandpaper;
• a hammer;
• brush;
• roulette.

Foundation – нужен ли?

A small wooden mill, carrying a decorative function, does not need a foundation. The mobility of the structure will allow, if desired, to rearrange it in any part of the garden.

In the case where the stability of the future building is questionable, four legs are used as a foundation from a sharpened beam at the ends, which are attached to the bottom of the support platform on one side, and on the other are stuck into the ground.

If you are planning a thorough construction with a living room or a children's playground inside, then you can not do without a foundation. This will prevent the mill from turning over. In this case, a shallow foundation is laid along the perimeter of future walls.

Supporting platform

Supporting platform придаст мельнице устойчивости. Из бруса собирается квадрат необходимого размера. Для жесткости можно дополнительно соединить противоположные углы крест на крест.

If desired, the area of ​​the support platform may be larger than the base of the mill. This will protect the structure from falling in strong winds and can serve as an additional area for placing decor, for example, a wooden fence.

See also: Decorative fences +75 photo examples and ideas

Making the case

The simplest housing for the mill is a trapezoidal box. To the support platform, with the help of self-tapping screws, four bars of the same length are vertically connected. Above the edges are additionally joined by a bar horizontally. When assembling it is important to observe symmetry.

The edges of the resulting structure are covered with wood. You can use almost any material. Looks good, a block of houses or imitation of a bar.

Roof construction and assembly of blades

The roof can be both gable and gable. The second option is better to use for large structures, and for a small one is ideal for a gable roof.

Из бруса сколачиваем два торца в виде треугольника. Когда-то большие мельницы для помола муки покрывались самой настоящей кровельной черепицей из обожженной глины. Декоративным аналогом может стать тот же материал, что использовался для основания, обрезки цветного профлиста, либо современная черепица, выполненная под старину. Под roofing material предварительно стелется скат из фанеры.

The joint of the ribs on the roof must close the skate. It can be purchased or collected independently. Without a ridge, the roof will look unfinished, and rain will enter the interior.

The finished roof is put on the mill body and fixed from the inside with long screws.

The propeller is assembled in exactly the same way as for a stone mill. One of the faces of the base is fitted with a hairpin, only in the case of a stone it is embedded in the masonry, and here it is secured with nuts. Similarly to the previous version, the blades are put on the other side of the stud and fixed.

Decorative finishing

A wooden mill has a lot of decorative finishes. Next to her, flowers and greenery look good. As an option to turn the building into a flower garden. To do this, its base should contain a box for the land, where in the spring fall marigolds, phlox, petunia or any other annual garden plants.

The ready mill must be impregnated with protective solution and painted, or covered with varnish or varnish. If you walk through the tree with stain before, you can emphasize the structure of the tree. Each additional layer will make the surface of the mill darker.

Decorative mill with a waterfall

The grinding of the water and the rustling of the spinning blades in the evening garden create an inexpressible feeling of comfort and tranquility. A decorative water mill with a waterfall will be an excellent addition to the design of the garden plot.

Principle of water mill operation

If in the windmill wind is used to move the blades, the flow of the river is responsible for this in the water windmill. The heart of such a mill is a wheel installed on the bank of a reservoir under a channel along which water flows.

Ideal place for installation - a flowing pond. Running naturally, water will create a constant twisting force. If there is no river or stream in the garden area, and the mill really wants to, it is possible to recreate the flow strength artificially.

Possible options:

• Install the mill wheel under the gutter. In this case, it will spin during the rain.
• To create a flow, use the elevation on the terrain. At the highest point of the site, a water collection point is created, which will be fed along the chute to the wheel blades.
• Run the water in a circle with a pump. An artificial elevation is created, for example, from compacted earth or stones. Inside the hose is laid, along which water will be fed upward.

Today in the shops there are installations that are able to generate energy from the rotation of the wheel. A small wooden mill will be able to provide electricity for its own pump and LED lighting.

Materials and Tools

Necessary materials:

• wooden beam, slats, plywood;
• threaded stud;
• nails, screws, bolts with nuts of different sizes;
• pipe for trough;
• moisture resistant glue;
• protective impregnation, varnish or drying oil.

The number of necessary materials is determined by the size of the future building.

The mill wheel has a constant contact with water, so all wooden elements must be impregnated with a protective solution, and the use of metallic unpainted elements should be minimized.

To create a water mill, you will need a standard set of tools:

• saw, hacksaw or electric jigsaw;
• drill or screwdriver;
• a hammer:
• roulette;
• level.

Step-by-step instruction

House

House водяной мельницы может быть выполнен произвольной формы и из любого материала или же отсутствовать вообще. Конструкция у постройки стандартная: платформа, основание дома и крыша. Возводить постройку лучше в том же порядке, что и в случае с ветряной мельницей. Сначала собирается платформа или, в случае необходимости, закладывается фундамент. Этим этапом лучше не пренебрегать, недостаточно зафиксированную конструкцию может снести поток воды.

On the finished platform we set the base of the house. The water mill of the 18th century looked like an ordinary rectangle with a roof, windows and a door. The base can be assembled from a bar and trimmed with boards, or folded out of stone or tiles.

Из бруса и фанеры собирается каркас крыши. Кладется roofing material, после чего все детали домика собираются вместе и скрепляются с помощью саморезов и клея.

See also: Landscape design of the site on the slope +50 photo

A hairpin is installed in one of the walls of the house. It should be carefully fixed.

Wheel

The finished wheel of the water mill can serve as: a wire coil, a bicycle wheel, a plastic pipe connected to a ring with attached blades and other household items having an axis of rotation.

Independently the wheel of the water mill can be made of moisture-proof plywood or wood. The design consists of two discs, between which, with the same interval, fixed blades. In the center a hole is drilled, through which the wheel is put on a pin. When water gets into the pockets between the blades, the whole structure will rotate.

The axis can be secured in two ways:

• on one support from the side of the house - in this case the wheel should hold well;
• on two supports on both sides - the wheel is attached between them.

The force of the current determines the intensity of the rotation of the wheel, and therefore its dimensions and design. A fast flow combined with a small diameter will give a high speed of rotation. This is good if the mill is a source of energy, and not a decorative element. For a measured quiet rotation, you need to increase or weight the wheel.

An important stage in the construction of a water mill is the processing of wood. It is necessary to carefully sandish each part with sandpaper and cover with protective impregnation in several layers. Over time, the coating will be washed off, so the procedure should be repeated every few years.

Installation

После того, как все детали будут готовы, необходимо установить мельницу так, чтобы она работала. House помещается на берег водоема, а колесо под струей. Подача воды осуществляется на верхние лопасти через желоб. Сделать его можно разрезав пополам трубу подходящего диаметра. Если все сделано правильно, колесо начнет крутиться.

Decoration

A simple wooden wheel on the shore of the reservoir looks boring, so the main object for the decor will be a house attached to it. There are fantasies where to go for a walk - carved windows with shutters, doors, colored platbands. A separate element of the decor at the water mill can be a roof covered with reeds, reeds or straw.

Naturalness of the natural landscape will be supported by wild flowers and bushes, as well as stones chaotically spread around. In the garden that was destroyed near the mill, the coniferous cultures will perfectly fit: thuja, juniper, sparse fir and dwarf pine. The pond also represents a field for activity - thickets of fern and floating on the surface of the leaves of the water lilies create a feeling of primordiality.

Another idea for decorating a water mill is LED lighting. You can mount the lighting both outside and under water. The iridescent light of small lamps will not let the mill get lost at dusk. Mysteries will give glowing at night time windows of the miller's house.

Japanese style

The main components are water, stones and plants. Nothing superfluous should not be, because the style is based on elegance and minimalism. In the Japanese garden with a watermill nothing should distract from the contemplation of the natural elements.

The mill will be supplemented by a stone castle and a bench made of the same material. The shore of the reservoir or its bottom can be laid out with white pebbles and shell rock, and plant a Japanese maple and a low-necked cherry tree in the front garden. Plants with bright colors violate deliberate severity, but the use of bamboo tubes in the decoration will be very useful.

Country

The design option is suitable for those who have the whole site like a cozy house in the village. A water mill with a wooden wheel and a thatched roof will perfectly fit among the wooden benches, the log bridge and the well. The most ordinary reed will emphasize the atmosphere.

       

Russian style

Оформление в этом стиле имеет схожие черты с кантри, однако, навевает всем знакомый шарм русской деревни. House мельницы должен выглядеть как классическая деревянная избушка, собранная из грубого бруса, а окошки закрываться на резные ставни. На крыше можно разместить традиционный флюгер в виде петуха. Атмосферы добавят детали: керамическая фигурка мельника, вывешенные на плетеной ограде глиняные горшки, выглядывающий из-за угла желтый подсолнух и грядка с ромашками. Подсмотреть другие идеи для оформления можно в русских народных сказках.

Dutch style

This style causes a lot of interest in landscape designers, because he so successfully combines bright juicy colors and provincial charm. A water mill can be in the center of the composition, for this the house must be made in the traditional Dutch style half-timbered house, the bearing frame of which is located outside the building. Another characteristic feature - the ground floor. Let the mill be surrounded on all sides by tulips, crocuses and hyacinths, and a hedge surrounds the surrounding.

Conclusion

The decorative mill on the plot looks original and interesting. The design can be any size and arbitrary shape, made of wood, stone, tile residues or other materials. It harmoniously fits into any corner of the garden. Construction will not require accurate calculations and will provide an excellent opportunity to show designer abilities.